What is the primary function of the bubblecap on a plate during distillation?

The primary function of the bubblecap on a plate during distillation is to force vapours through the liquid layer. In a distillation column, bubblecaps are designed to allow vapours to rise through the liquid that collects on the plates. As the vapours pass through the bubblecaps, they interact with the liquid, which promotes the exchange of volatile components. This process enhances the separation of different compounds based on their boiling points, leading to a more efficient distillation process by increasing the purity of the distillate.

The design of bubblecaps helps maintain a constant liquid level on the plates, ensuring that vapours are properly contacted by the liquid, which is essential for effective separation. Therefore, the role of the bubblecap is critical in achieving the intended outcome of distillation: the refinement and concentration of the desired components in the final distillate.